Monday, October 07, 2013

Africa should stop the financial drain

In an effort to woo foreign investors to put their money in African countries, many a leader has been offering incentives, including tax holidays. For most of these countries, the aim has been to get capital for investing in development projects, such as roads, railways, schools, factories, health facilities and so on.

But there have also been cases highlighted where investors were accused of abusing the incentives.

But, as if this is not bad enough, in some developing countries foreign investors have been dealing in illicit businesses, according to the Executive Director of a non-governmental organisation going by the name of Tax Justice Network, John Christensen.
Editorial Cartoon

He says about USD 1trillion leaves developing countries, Tanzania included, in illicit financial flows and over USD50bn of that amount has come from the African continent each year.

He goes on to say that the proceeds of crime, corruption and tax evasion represent a drain on developing economies equivalent to eight times the size of global foreign aid.

This is happening at a time that the people in developing countries face insurmountable challenges in their daily lives. Some of their people cannot afford a square meal a day, leave alone getting their children to sit inside a classroom. The countries face challenges of poor education, health facilities, communication, infrastructure and so on.

The money which is stolen delays and denies the poor people chance to use their own resources to speed up development.

It has created a situation where the poor countries are forced to resort to expensive debts to finance development, when their own money is being spirited out to tax havens. It is this cruel irony which African countries are being urged to put a stop to.

It is more relevant now for the African countries to act together to influence policies that stem the flow of illicit. They can do so if they use their growing influence as a major resource base for the world economy.
We support the proposal given by Christensen that one way to get out of the problem that African countries face is to demand for transparency and cooperation on the issue of tax havens.

Cooperation in this field will go a long way, not only to curb the problem of illicit financial flows from developing countries as has been the case hitherto, but will also mean saving a lot of badly needed funds for use in various development activities.

What is required is for developing countries to act in unison and push through policies that seek to protect their resources to primarily benefit the people on the continent.
Unless this is done, developing countries like Tanzania will have no choice but to suffer silently as millions of shillings are siphoned to foreign countries.

The time to take action is now, and to start with African countries can take this as an agenda to be discussed in international fora, like the African Union and the United Nations via its many organs.
As the sages say: Better late than never. We need to deal with this issue now rather than later when the damage would have been irreparable.
SOURCE: THE GUARDIAN

ILO: Global number of child labourers down

A new International Labour Organization (ILO) report shows that the fight against child labour is on the right track, but the goal of eliminating its worst forms by 2016 will not be met at the current pace.

A new report states that the marking progress against child labour, says that the global number of child labourers has declined by one third since 2000, from 246 million to 168 million.

But even the latest improved rate of decline is not enough to achieve the goal of eliminating the worst forms of child labour by 2016 –agreed by the international community through the ILO.
International Labour Organization (ILO)

According to ILO press release that was made available to the Guardian, in Dar es Salaam yesterday, child labour is work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development.

It refers to work undertaken by children below the appropriate legal minimum working age, based on the ILO Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138), as well as the worst forms of child labour defined by the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999, (No. 182). “We are moving in the right direction but progress is still too slow. If we are serious about ending the scourge of child labour in the foreseeable future, then we need a substantial stepping-up of efforts at all levels.”

“There are 168 million good reasons to do so,” said ILO Director-General Guy Ryder.
The latest ILO estimates, published in the lead-up to the Global Conference on Child Labour, which takes place in Brasilia next month, show that most of the progress was made between 2008 and 2012, when the global number fell from 215 to 168 million.

More than half of the 168 million child labourers worldwide are involved in hazardous work. This is work that directly endangers their health, safety and moral development.

The current number of children in hazardous work stands at 85 million, down from 171 million in 2000.
Hazardous work is often treated as a proxy for the Worst Forms of Child Labour, since children in hazardous work account for the overwhelming majority of those in the worst forms.

Other main findings of the report: The largest absolute number of child labourers is found in the Asia-Pacific region (almost 78 million), but Sub-Saharan Africa continues to be the region with the highest incidence of child labour in terms of proportion of the population, at over 21 per cent.

The incidence of child labour is highest in poorer countries but middle-income countries have the largest numbers of child labourers.

Child labour among girls fell by 40 per cent since 2000, compared to 25 per cent for boys.
Agriculture remains by far the most important sector where child labourers can be found (98 million children, or 59 prercent), but the problems are not negligible in services (54 million) and industry (12 million) – mostly in the informal economy.

Between 2008 and 2012, child labour among children aged 5-17 years declined in Asia and the Pacific, Latin American and the Caribbean and Sub-Saharan Africa regions.

Asia and the Pacific registered by far the largest decline, from 114 million in 2008 to 78 million in 2012.
The number of child labourers also decreased in Sub-Saharan Africa (by 6 million), and modestly in Latin America and the Caribbean (by 1.6 million).

There are 9.2 million child labourers in the Middle East and North Africa.
The report identifies a number of actions that have driven progress in the fight against child labour in recent years. Policy choices and accompanying investments in education and social protection appear particularly relevant to the decline in child labour.

Other actions include the political commitment of governments, the increasing number of ratifications of the two ILO child labour Conventions, sound policy choices and solid legislative frameworks.

“No one can take sole credit for this result, as many have helped draw attention to the negative impacts of child labour on economic growth, the future of societies and the rights of children.

However, the ILO’s role in leading the fight against child labour, through its standards and supervisory system, advice, capacity building and direct action, deserves special mention” concluded Constance Thomas, Director of the ILO’s International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC).
SOURCE: THE GUARDIAN

Kikwete salutes Korea president for marking National Foundation Day

President Jakaya Kikwete has sent a congratulatory Message to President of the Republic of Korea Park Geun-hye, on the occasion of the National Foundation Day marked yesterday.
Park Geun-hye, President of the Republic of Korea

In a statement availed to The Guardian yesterday by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Co-operation President Kikwete extended his sincere congratulations to the Government and people of the Republic of Korea on the occasion of their country’s National Foundation Day.

President Kikwete said that: “the celebrations of your country’s National Foundation Day offer us yet another opportunity to solidify and enhance the already good and historical relations that exist between our two countries.”

“I am confident that with the good will and understanding on both sides, the bilateral relations between Tanzania and Republic of Korea will continue to flourish as both countries pursue the shared ideas and objectives for the benefit of the two countries and the peoples,” President Kikwete said in a statement.

He said together, we can build bridges between our two nations in every conceivable field – from cooperation in investment, commerce and trade to education, science, agriculture, sports, and arts.
SOURCE: THE GUARDIAN

Tanzania Kwanza: US envoy tells wananchi

Outgoing US Ambassador to Tanzania, Alfonso E. Lenhardt has called on increased patriotism, a culture of giving and for wananchi to generally embrace the concept of Tanzania Kwanza and to engage in development efforts to the best of their abilities and know how.

Also more than good plans on paper the government has been challenged to expedite the implementation and completion of various poverty alleviation initiatives on one hand while wananchi have been called on to besides their immediate family, extend help to others in need.

He was speaking at a Farewell Media Roundtable Questions and Answers session in Dar es Salaam yesterday. In reference to the first part of his advice which was directed to the government he acknowledged and commended efforts done and initiatives planned but called for fast tracking of the processes involved.
US Ambassador Alfonso E. Lenhardt (C) engaged in talks with media executives at US Embassy in Dar es Salaam yesterday. (Photo courtesy of US Embassy)

“I think we are all happy with issues addressed but not (implemented) as fast as we hoped…” observed the outgoing diplomat who has completed his four-year tour of duty in the country.

As to the second part, the envoy is of the opinion that Tanzanians must embrace the spirit of responsibility towards each other’s wellbeing and come to one another’s aid beyond family support.

“I see people in the street hungry, children, elders and others who are disadvantaged. You must reach out to those people and help them,” he encouraged the nation.

On trade, Lenhardt, the accredited American Ambassador Representative to the EAC called for Tanzania and other member states of the East African Community to harmonise their goals and methods to achieve them if they are to work in par and realise the planned development schemes for the region.

Speaking on security issues in the country, the Ambassador said his government is working with the Tanzania People’s Defence Forces (TPDF) to secure the country’s borders as well as its homeland defence from internal threats.

Addressing the matter of media freedom in the country he said freedom of information and press is critical in any democratic society to ensure people get accurate, timely and unbiased information, allowing them to make informed decisions on matters that affect them.

In that regard, apart from various attacks on media personnel while in the field that resulted in severe injuries and even death, there is the matter of two newspapers serving 14 days and 90 days publication interdict. They are the Swahili papers Mwananchi and Mtanzania respectively.

“I am not happy with the notion of suspending media outfits, as you write your constitution it’s paramount that the freedom of press is emphasised,” said the diplomat whose tenure in the country has seen the nation’s economy grow to a regional high of over 7 percent this year and growing.

The US government through its embassy in Dar es Salaam has various agencies that include the Millennium Challenge Corporation, Department of Defence, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the US Agency for International Development (USAID), the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), the President’s Malaria Initiative and Feed the Future.

In total these departments inject USD 750million annually into the country and so far all the last three leaderships of the US have consecutively visited the country highlighting its position on the world map politically, economically and socially.

SOURCE: THE GUARDIAN

Over 50 exhibitors for Arusha international gemstone fair

Over 50 exhibitors have confirmed their participation in this year’s four-day Arusha International Gemstone, Jewelry and Mineral Fair scheduled to start on October 28 this year.

The cost of preparing the showcasing event is estimated to be 450m/- but in turn it is expected to bring in more than 4bn/- as it did last year.
Arusha International Gemstone, Jewelry and Mineral Fair

It is expected to attract hundreds of mineral stakeholders from all-over the world. As before, it has been organised by the Ministry of Energy and Minerals and Tanzania Mineral Dealers Association (Tamida).

The secretary of the Fair’s preparatory committee, Eng Benjamini Mchwampaka told reporters over the weekend, that everything was on the right track and they had started allocating exhibitors to their slots.

“So far 50 exhibitors have confirmed their participation in the fair and we have sold 35 of 52 exhibition slots already,” he said, calling on mineral dealers in Tanzania to use the opportunity to showcase their gems.

Mchwampaka, an Assistant Commissioner for Minerals in the Northern zone, said this year, the event is expected to attract more stakeholders from the mining sector than it did last year.

“It is our hope that the event will boost Africa’s mining sector… dealers will get a chance to exchange views with giant traders from across the world,” Mchwampaka said.

As such, he called on Africa’s mining dealers and brokers to take advantage of the opportunity by participating in the event.

The showcasing event will bring together exhibitors from East, Central and Southern Africa and will feature a wide variety of precious stones including, sapphires, diamonds and tanzanite.

It will also include a mine tour, showing of rough and cut stones, lapidary equipment and demonstrations, seminars and panels with various keynote speakers from relevant sectors and ministries.

African countries which are to showcase mineral resources include Madagascar, Mozambique, South Africa, Namibia, Malawi, DR Congo, Ethiopia and the host Tanzania. The main buyers of African minerals to take part in the event are expected to come from the US, Germany, China, Thailand, Sri-Lanka and India.

SOURCE: THE GUARDIAN